Persons who wish to visit Indianopolis will stop at Madison, Ia., and take the stage conveyance. From Louisville, via Vincennes, to St. Louis by stage, every alternate day, 273 miles, through in three days and half. Fare $17. Stages run from Vincennes to Terre Haute and other towns up the Wabash river. At _Evansville_, Ia., stage lines are connected with Vincennes and Terre Haute; and at _Shawneetown_ twice a week to Carlyle, Ill., where it intersects the line from Louisville to St. Louis. From Louisville to Nashville by steamboats, passengers land at Smithland at the mouth of Cumberland river, unless they embark direct for Nashville.
In the _winter_ both stage and steamboat lines are uncertain and irregular. Ice in the rivers frequently obstructs navigation, and high waters and bad roads sometimes prevent stages from running regularly.
Farmers who remove to the West from the Northern and Middle States, will find it advantageous in many instances to remove with their own teams and wagons. These they will need on their arrival. Autumn, or from September till November, is the favorable season for this mode of emigration. The roads are then in good order, the weather usually favorable, and feed plenty. People of all classes from the States south of the Ohio river, remove with large wagons, carry and cook their own provisions, purchase their feed by the bushel, and invariably _encamp out at night_.
Individuals who wish to travel through the interior of Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, &c., will find that the most convenient, sure, economical and independent mode is on horseback. Their expenses will be from 75 cents to $1.50 per day, and they can always consult their own convenience and pleasure as to time and place.
Stage fare is usually 6 cents per mile in the West. Meals at stage houses, 37-½ cents.
From Pittsburg to Cincinnati, $10 " Cincinnati to Louisville, 4 " Louisville to St. Louis, 12
And frequently the same from Cincinnati to St. Louis;--varying a little, however.
A _deck_ passage, as it is called, may be rated as follows:
From Pittsburg to Cincinnati, $3 " Cincinnati to Louisville, 1 " Louisville to St. Louis, 4
The _deck_ for such passengers is usually in the midship, forward the engine, and is protected from the weather. Passengers furnish their own provisions and bedding. They often take their meals at the cabin table, with the boat hands, and pay 25 cents a meal. Thousands pass up and down the rivers as deck passengers, especially emigrating families, who have their bedding, provisions, and cooking utensils on board.