Munteanu is a Romanian language surname (). When transliterated from Russian, in may be spelled as Muntyanu. It is commonly found in Romania and Moldova and literally translates as "highlander". Notable people with this surname include:
Alexandru Munteanu (born 1988), Romanian footballer
Anastasiya Muntyanu (born 1994), Canadian gymnast
Andreea Munteanu (born 1998), Romanian artistic gymnast
Aura Andreea Munteanu (born 1988), Romanian gymnast
Cătălin Munteanu (born 1979), Romanian footballer
Cherasim Munteanu (), Romanian sprint canoer
Cristian Lucian Munteanu (born 1980), Romanian footballer
Daniel Munteanu (born 1978), Romanian footballer
Donar Munteanu (1886–1972), Romanian poet
Dorinel Munteanu (born 1968), retired Romanian footballer and manager
Eugen Munteanu (born 1953), Romanian linguist
Florian Munteanu (born 1990), German-Romanian actor
Gabriel Munteanu (born 1973), Romanian judoka
Gavriil Munteanu (1812–1869), Romanian scientist and translator
Gheorghe Munteanu-Murgoci (1872–1925), Romanian geologist
Igor Munteanu (born 1965), Moldovan political analyst and journalist
Ion Munteanu (born 1962), Moldovan politician
Ionica Munteanu (born 1979), Romanian female handballer
Kiara Munteanu (born 1997), Australian female artistic gymnast
Luminata Munteanu, Romanian sprint canoer
Marian Munteanu (born 1962), Romanian student leader
Neculai Munteanu (born 1941), Romanian anti-communist dissident
Nicodim Munteanu (1864–1948), also known as Patriarch Nicodim, head of the Romanian Orthodox Church 1939–1948 Nicolae Munteanu (born 1951), Romanian handball player Nina Munteanu (born 1954), Canadian ecologist and novelist of science fiction and fantasy Olga Munteanu (born 1927), Romanian artistic gymnast Petre Munteanu (1916–1988), Romanian operatic tenor Silvia Sorina Munteanu, Romanian opera singer Titus Munteanu (1941−2013), Romanian director, filmmaker and producer Valeriu Munteanu (disambiguation), multiple people, including: Valeriu Munteanu (philologist) (1921–1999), Romanian philologist, lexicographer, and translator Valeriu Munteanu (politician) (born 1980), Moldovan politician Virgil Munteanu (born 1988), Romanian Greco-Roman wrestler Vlad Munteanu (born 1981), Romanian footballer Zamfir Munteanu (), Moldovan politician