The following is the list of squads for each of the 15 teams that competed in the men's basketball tournament at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
Group A
Japan
The following players represented Japan:
Hiroshi Saito
Hitoshi Konno
Kenichi Imaizumi
Manabu Fujita
Reizo Ohira
Riichi Arai
Setsuo Nara
Shutaro Shoji
Takeo Sugiyama
Takashi Itoyama
Tetsuro Noborisaka
Philippines
The following players represented the Philippines:
Tony Genato
Antonio Villamor
Carlos Badion
Carlos Loyzaga
Eddie Lim
Leonardo Marquicias
Loreto Carbonell
Mariano Tolentino
Martin Urra
Rafael Barretto
Ramón Manulat
Ramón Campos
Thailand
The following players represented Thailand:
Ampol Saranont
Chalaw Sonthong
Chan Sae-Lim
Kirin Chavanwong
Kuang Sae-Lim
Mongkol Aimmanolrom
Surakit Rukpanich
Ta Sriratana
Visit Chaicharoen
United States
The following players represented the United States:
Carl Cain
Bill Hougland
K. C. Jones
Bill Russell
Jim Walsh
Billy Evans
Burdie Haldorson
Ron Tomsic
Dick Boushka
Gib Ford
Bob Jeangerard
Chuck Darling
Group B
Canada
The following players represented Canada:
Bob Pickel
Coulter Osborne
Don Macintosh
Doug Brinham
Ed Lucht
George Stulac
John McLeod
Ed Wild
Mel Brown
Bob Burtwell
Ron Stuart
Ron Bissett
France
The following players represented France:
André Schlupp
Christian Baltzer
Gérard Sturla
Henri Grange
Henri Rey
Robert Monclar
Jean-Paul Beugnot
Maurice Buffière
Roger Antoine
Roger Haudegand
Roger Veyron
Yves Gominon
Singapore
The following players represented Singapore:
Chen Sho Fa
Ho Lien Siew
Jerome Henderson
Ko Tai Chuen
Lee Chak Men
Ong Kiat Guan
Wee Tian Siak
Wong Kim Poh
Yee Tit Kwan
Yeo Gek Huat
Soviet Union
The following players represented the Soviet Union:
Valdis Muižnieks
Maigonis Valdmanis
Vladimir Torban
Stasys Stonkus
Kazys Petkevičius
Arkady Bochkaryov
Jānis Krūmiņš
Mikhail Semyonov
Algirdas Lauritėnas
Yury Ozerov
Viktor Zubkov
Mikhail Studenetsky
Group C
Bulgaria
The following players represented Bulgaria:
Atanas Atanasov
Georgi Kanev
Georgi Panov
Iliya Mirchev
Konstantin Totev
Lyubomir Panov
Nikolay Ilov
Tsvetko Slavov
Vasil Manchenko
Viktor Radev
Vladimir Savov
Formosa
The following players represented Taiwan:
Chen Tsu-Li
Chien Kok-Ching
Hoo Cha-pen
James Yap
Lai Lam-kwong
Ling Jing-huan
Loo Hor-Kuay
Tong Suet-fong
Wang Yih-jiun
Willie Chu
Wu Yet-An
Yung Pi-hock
South Korea
The following players represented South Korea:
An Yeong-sik
An Byeong-seok
Jo Byeong-hyeon
Choi Tae-gon
Kim Chun-bae
Kim Hyeong-il
Kim Yeong-gi
Kim Yeong-su
Go Se-tae
Baek Jeong-nam
Uruguay
The following players represented Uruguay:
Carlos Blixen
Ramiro Cortés
Héctor Costa
Nelson Chelle
Nelson Demarco
Héctor García
Carlos González
Sergio Matto
Oscar Moglia
Raúl Mera
Ariel Olascoaga
Milton Scaron
Group D
Australia
The following players represented Australia:
Algis Ignatavicius
Bruce Flick
Colin Burdett
Geoff Heskett
Inga Freidenfelds
George Dancis
Ken Finch
Merv Moy
Peter Bumbers
Peter Demos
Peter Sutton
Stan Dargis
Brazil
The following players represented Brazil:
Amaury
Angelim
Edson Bispo
Fausto
Jamil Gedeão
Jorge Olivieri
Zé Luiz
Mayr Facci
Nelson Lisboa
Wilson Bombarda
Wlamir Marques
Algodão
Chile
The following players represented Chile: