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By Philip Schaff.
.—Literature.
, archiepiscopi Constantinopolitani, Opera omnia quæ exstant vel quæ ejus nomine circumferuntur, ad codices Gallicos, Vaticanos, Anglicos, Germanicosque castigata, etc. Opera et studio D., monachi ordinis S. Benedicti e congregatione S. Mauri, opem ferentibus aliis ex codem sodalitio, monachis. Greek and Latin, Paris, 1718–’38, in 13 vols., fol. This is the best edition, and the result of about twenty years of the patient labor of Montfaucon (d. Dec. 21, 1741, 86 years old), and several assistants of the brotherhood of St. Maur. More than three hundred were made use of, but the eight principal , as Field has shown, were not very carefully collated. Montfaucon, who at the date of the completion of his edition was 83 years old, prepared valuable prefaces to every treatise and set of homilies, arranged the works in chronological order, and added in vol. XIII. learned dissertations on the life, doctrine, discipline and heresies of the age of Chrysostom.
The Benedictine edition was reprinted at
Venice, 1734–’41, in 13 vols. fol.; at Paris, ed. by , 1834–’39, in 13 vols. (an elegant edition, with some additions); and, with various improvements and corrections, by , Petit-Montrouge, 1859–’63, in 13 vols. The last is the most complete edition, but inferior in paper and type to that of Gaume. Migne uses the critical text of Field in Matthew and the Pauline Epp. He had previously edited a Latin Version, 1842, in 9 vols.
The edition of Sir (Provost of Eton), Etonæ, 1612, in 8 vols. fol., is
less complete than the Benedictine edition, but gives a more
correct Greek text (as was shown by F. Dübner from a collation of
manuscripts) and valuable notes. Savile personally examined the
libraries of Europe and spent £8,000 on his edition. His wife was
so jealous of his devotion to Chrysostom that she threatened to
burn his manuscripts.
The edition of , a French Jesuit, and the two brothers, and , was published at Paris, 1636, in 12 vols. fol., Greek and Latin.
A selection of Chrysostom’s works (Opera præstantissima) in Greek and Latin, was edited by Rudolphopoli (Rudolstadt), 1840 (unfinished).
The best edition of the Greek text of the Homilies on Matthew, and all the Pauline Epistles is by Dr. , of the Church of England (d. 1883), in the “Bibliotheca Patrum Ecclesiæ Orientalis qui ante Orientis et Occidentis schisma floruerunt.” The Homilies on Matthew appeared at Cambridge, 1839, 3 vols.; the Homilies on the Epistles of Paul and the Hebrews, Oxford, 1839–’62, in 7 vols.
The treatise De Sacerdotio
(περί ἱερωσύνης) was separately edited by in Greek (Basel, 1525, from the press of Frobenius), by , in Greek and Latin (Cambridge, 1710), and by , the commentator, in Greek (Stuttgart, 1725, and repeatedly reprinted since at Leipzig, 1825, 1834, 1872, by C. Tauchnitz). (Chrys. Opera, pp. viii. and ix.) enumerates twenty-three separate editions and translations of the treatise on the Priesthood.
.—(a)
The treatise on the Priesthood has been
translated by , 1820; , 1821, and others. The Bibliothek der Kirchenväter (Rom. Cath.), published at Kempten in Bavaria, devotes ten small volumes to St. Chrysostom, including the Priesthood, ascetic Treatises, and Homilies, translated by , 1869–’84. German translations of selected Homilies by (Leipzig, 1748–’51, 10 vols.); (Augsburg, 1786); (Nürnberg, 1830); (Trier, 1835); (Predigten der Kirchenväter, vols. I. and II., Leipzig, 1839); (Tübingen, 2d ed. 1859); (Leipzig, 1888, selected sermons and orations, in vol I. of Klassikerbibliothek der Christl. Predigtliteratur).
(b)
The work on the Priesthood was
translated by (London, 1728); (London, 1759); (Cambridge, 1837); (London, 1844); (London, 1866); and (N. York, 1888, prepared for this “Library”).
The Homilies on the Statues and on the
New Testament were translated by several scholars for the
“Oxford Library of the Fathers,” 1839–’77, 16 vols. The
earlier parts (on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, and on the
Statues) are based on the text of Montfaucon and Savile, the later
parts on the improved text of Field. The Oxford translation has
been revised and annotated by American scholars for this
“Library,” and new translations of other works of St. Chrysostom have been added, namely, the treatise on the Priesthood, the Exhortation to the fallen Theodore, Letters, Tracts, and Special Homilies (in this first volume).