The (c. 807) Yiqiejing yinyi 一切經音義 "Pronunciation and Meaning in the Complete Buddhist Canon" was compiled by the Tang dynasty lexicographer monk Huilin 慧琳 as an expanded revision of the original (c. 649) Yiqiejing yinyi compiled by Xuanying 玄應. Collectively, Xuanying's 25-chapter and Huilin's 100-chapter versions constitute the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary of Buddhist technical terminology (for instance, Púsà 菩薩 or Pútísàtuo 菩提薩埵 for Bodhisattva). A recent history of Chinese lexicography call Huilin's Yiqiejing yinyi "a composite collection of all the glossaries of scripture words and expressions compiled in and before the Tang Dynasty" and "the archetype of the Chinese bilingual dictionary".
Title
The dictionary title combines three Chinese words: yị̄qiè 一切 "all; whole; every; everything" for Sanskrit sarva सर्व "whole; entire; all; every" jīng 經 "sutra; scripture; canon; classic" for sūtra सूत्र " string; thread; rule (that holds teachings together)" yīn-yì 音義 "pronunciation and meaning of a text", with yīn 音 "sound; tone; pronunciation" and yì 義 "meaning; significance", for śabdârtha "sound and meaning (of words)" The term yīqièjīng 一切經 "all the sutras; complete Buddhist canon; Tripiṭaka" first came into use in the Sui dynasty (581-618), also known as the Dàzàngjīng 大藏經, referring to all the classic scriptures or the entire Buddhist canon. The term yīnyì 音義 "pronunciation and meaning", which refers to explaining the phonology and semantics of words, originated in the exegesis of Chinese classics. The Three Kingdoms (220-280) scholar Sun Yan 孫炎 used it in his commentary title Erya yinyi 爾雅音義 "Pronunciation and Meaning in the Erya".
There is no regular English translation of Yiqiejing yinyi, compare these renderings: Sounds and Meanings of all the Buddhist Sacred Books or Sounds and Meanings of the Whole Canon The Sound and Meaning of the Tripitaka Pronunciation and Meaning of all Classics Sounds and Meanings of all the Buddhist Scriptures Glosses of the Buddhist Texts Sound and Meaning of All Sutras A Lexicon of Sounds and Meanings in the Tripitaka The Sound and the Meaning of All Scriptures Pronunciation and Meaning of All the Scriptures Sounds and meanings for all [the words in the] scriptures
Alternate Yiqiejing yinyi titles include the Dazang yinyi 大藏音義 "Pronunciation and Meaning in the Tripiṭaka", and to distinguish it from Xuanying's version, the Huilin yinyi 慧琳音義 "Huilin's Pronunciation and Meaning".
Author
There is more biographical information available for the Kashgar monk Huilin (733-817) than his predecessor Xuanying (d. c. 661).
The (988) Song gaoseng zhuan 宋高僧傳 "Biographies of Eminent Song Dynasty Monks" gives a detailed record. Huilin's surname was Pei 裴, and he was born in Shule 疏勒 "Kashgar" (a city-state in the Tarim Basin, present-day Kashi 喀什, Xinjiang, the westernmost city in China). Huilin was a disciple of Master Bukong 不空 or Amoghavajra (705-744), one of the Patriarchs of Chinese Esoteric Buddhism and Shingon Buddhism. He was a monk at the Xi Ming Temple in Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shanxi, at the eastern terminus of the Silk Road). Huilin "inwardly strictly observes the regulations and outwardly studies the Confucian Classics. He has a profound knowledge of Indian philology and exegetic studies"
The Chinese Dharma name Huilin 慧琳 (lit. "Wisdom Gem") was first used by another Buddhist monk. Huilin 慧琳 (fl. 421-445), who was favored by Emperor Wen of Liu Song, wrote the controversial (443) Baihei lun 白黑論 "Discourse on White and Black" that expressed doubts about karmic retribution.
History
In the history of Chinese lexicography, Hulin's Yiqiejing yinyi was an early Buddhist yinyi "pronunciation and meaning" dictionary. This genre originated when Buddhism became a popular Chinese religion in the period between the Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 CE) and Tang dynasty (618-907). For example, the Northern Qi (550-577) Buddhist monk Daohui 道慧 compiled the Yiqiejing yin 一切經音 "Pronunciation in the Complete Buddhist Canon", which did not gloss meanings.